Micropropagation applications pdf

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These stages have been designed simply to describe micropropagation processes and to facilitate comparison between two or more systems. As the alternative means of plant vegetative propagation, tissue culture techniques are becoming increasingly popular.

Plant tissue culture consists of asexual methods of propagation and its primary objective is crop improvement. The success of many invitro selection and genetic manipulation techniques in higher plants relies on the success of invitro plant regeneration.

Clonal propagation invitro is called micropropagation. When it comes to conventional techniques, it takes years to produce an equal number of plants. Micropropagation facilitates the growth, storage, and maintenance of a large number of plants in small spaces which makes it a cost-effective process.

Micropropagation is used for germplasm storage and the protection of endangered species. Seeds and vegetative organs of several species of plants have a limited storage life. Meristem cells are used for this purpose because they are stable, survive under cryopreservation procedures, and regenerate into pathogen-free plants whenever required. Some plants are difficult or resistant to be grown on a large scale by conventional techniques. Micropropagation is a good alternative to cultivate these plants.

Micropropagation can be used to obtain disease or pathogen-free plants. Meristem tip culture is used to achieve this goal. For example, virus-free potatoes can only be obtained by the micropropagation of plants. The micropropagation technique is the best alternative for clonal propagation at a large scale in a very short time. Micropropagation is used to increase the vigor and yield of floriculture species by multifold. Micropropagation is popular for the production of synthetic seeds that analog to true seeds.

These seeds match with the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of the zygotic embryos. Micropropagation also allows the production and regeneration of the stored stocks all over the year. It's best for nurseries that are willing to sell fruit, ornamental plants, and tree species any time of the year. Micropropagation is the best technique to transfer different species of plants to different countries. This makes the international exchange processes easier and reduces the risk of contamination during the transfer.